Aksay (Russian: Аксай) is a town and the administrative center of Aksaysky District in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Don River, 18 kilometers (11 mi) northeast of Rostov-on-Don, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 41,969 (2010 Census); 38,012 (2002 Census); 33,389 (1989 Census). It was previously known as Ust-Aksayskaya (until 1791), Aksayskaya (until 1957).